 |
| Vladimir Putin: The army must become a professional, and should form the basis of its contractors. Photo by Konstantin Zavrazhin |
The world is changing. Going it processes global transformation fraught with risks of different, often unpredictable nature. In terms of global economic and other shocks is always a temptation to solve their problems at the expense of others, by the force of pressure. Not by chance that today there are voices that say, soon, “objective” will be a question that national sovereignty should not be subject to the resources of global importance.
That even such hypothetical possibilities with regard to Russia should not be. That means – we will not have to enter into the temptation of their weaknesses.
That is why we are not under any circumstances give up the potential of strategic deterrence, and will strengthen it. It was he who helped us to maintain the sovereignty of the most difficult period in the 90s, when other weighty material arguments here, let’s face it, did not exist.
We will not under any circumstances give up the potential of strategic deterrence, and will strengthen it
Obviously, we can not strengthen our international position, develop the economy, democratic institutions, if we are not able to defend Russia. If the calculated risk is not possible conflicts, do not ensure the independence of military technology and prepare a decent, adequate military response as a last resort to respond to certain calls.
We have adopted and will implement an unprecedented program of development and modernization of the armed forces of the military-industrial complex of Russia. In total, over the next decade for this purpose is allocated about 23 trillion rubles.
Frankly, there was much debate about the size and timing of such large-scale funding. I am sure – they are fully adequate to the needs and resources of the country. And most importantly – to work to create modern armed forces, Integrated strengthening defense capabilities – can not wait.
This is not about the militarization of the Russian budget. In fact, the money that we allocate – a “pay the bills” for those years when the Army and Navy are chronically underfunded, when practically does not deliver new types of weapons. While other countries have consistently increased their “military muscle”.
“Smart” defense against new threats
We need mechanisms to respond not only to the existing danger. We must learn to “look beyond the horizon”, to assess the nature of threats in the years ahead, 30-50. This is a serious task that requires the mobilization capacity of the civil and military science, algorithms, reliable, long-term prognosis.
What weapons will be required of the Russian Army. What are the technological requirements will be offered to domestic military-industrial complex. In fact, you can create a qualitatively new, “smart” system of military analysis and strategic planning, preparing ready-made “recipes” and their operational implementation in the structures of our law enforcement agencies.
What is in store for us, “the coming century?”
The probability of a global war nuclear powers against each other is low, such would mean the end of civilization. As long as the “powder” of strategic nuclear forces, created a huge labor of our fathers and grandfathers, and remains “dry”, no one would dare unleash a large-scale aggression against us.
However, keep in mind that the scientific and technical progress in various fields, ranging from the emergence of new types of weapons and military equipment and finishing information and communication technologies, has led to a qualitative change in the nature of warfare. So, as the mass adoption of precision non-nuclear long-range all the more clearly will show the trend of adopting them as weapons of a decisive victory over the enemy, including a global conflict.
Much, if not decisive, role in determining the nature of warfare will have the military capabilities of countries in outer space, in the field of information warfare in the first place – in cyberspace. And in the longer term – the creation of weapons based on new physical principles (radiation, geophysical, wave, genetic, psycho-physical, etc.). All of this will, together with nuclear weapons to obtain qualitatively new instruments to achieve political and strategic objectives. These weapons systems will be comparable to the results of the use of nuclear weapons, but more “acceptable” in the political and military terms.Thus, the role of the strategic balance of nuclear forces in deterring aggression and chaos will gradually decrease.
Before our eyes, flashing all the new regional and local wars. There are areas of instability and artificially heated, controlled chaos. And traced deliberate attempts to provoke such conflicts in the immediate vicinity of the borders of Russia and our allies. We see how devalued and destroyed the basic principles of international law. Especially in the field of international security.
Russia under these conditions can not only rely on diplomatic and economic methods of removing contradictions and conflict resolution. Our country is the task of development of military capabilities within the containment strategy and the level of defense sufficiency. And the armed forces, intelligence agencies and other law enforcement agencies must be prepared to respond quickly and effectively to new challenges. This is a necessary condition for Russia to feel safe, and the arguments of our country’s perceived partner in various international formats.
Together with our allies, we must also strengthen the capacity of the Collective Security Treaty. Including the Collective Rapid Reaction Force. CSTO is ready to fulfill its mission guarantor of stability in the Eurasian space.
The most important priority of Russian state policy in the future will remain issues of dynamic development of the Armed Forces, nuclear and aerospace industry, defense industry, military education, military science, fundamental and applied research programs.
The Army has kept Russia
The collapse of a single country, economic and social upheaval 90s hit on all public institutions. Passed the hardest tests, and our Army. Combat training was virtually collapsed. Part of the “first strategic echelon” of Eastern Europe hastily withdrawn in the “open field”. And since there was no money in their arrangement, for the construction of military bases, landfills and housing, it is these, the most capable, best-equipped compound were “under the knife.”
The officers for months received no allowance. What can we hide, often had problems even with the power of the personnel. The soldiers fired tens of thousands. The number of generals, colonels, lieutenant colonels and majors and captains exceeded the number of lieutenants. Defense enterprises were idle, plunged into debt and lost most valuable “piece” of specialists.
According to the Armed Forces suffered a devastating stroke information. Some “leaders” simply could not live a day without having to pobolnee “kick” and humiliate the Army, insult all that is associated with concepts such as Oath, duty, service of the Fatherland, patriotism, Ratna history of our country. Thought and still think this is a moral crime and betrayal.
We must always remember what the country owes the soldiers and officers, who in the hardest 90 years, in spite of everything, kept the army, provided at critical junctures in readiness units. If I had – fought.Have lost their mates and won. So it was in the North Caucasus, Tajikistan, and other “hot spots”. These people saved spirit and honor of the Army. Integrity and sovereignty of Russia. Protect the safety of our citizens. Not allowed to humiliate and to “write off” the country.
However, for the errors in multiple, inconsistent reforms, beyond which is often worthless, except for the mechanical reduction, we had to pay a very high price.
When in 1999 the gang of international terrorists unleashed a direct aggression against Russia, we are faced with a tragic situation. 66000th group had to literally collect the “piecemeal” – summary of the battalions and separate units. The number of staff of the Armed Forces exceeded 1.36 million people. A manned units that can proceed without additional preparation to carry out tasks, almost was not.
But the Army completed its task. Fulfilled their duty of our officers, sergeants, soldiers – citizens, for whom Oath of Homeland meant more than life, their health and well-being. And, more importantly, in the state in society finally returned understand a simple truth – the Armed Forces should be cherished. They need to be strengthened, or “someone else will have to feed an army” or even be in thrall to criminals and international terrorists.
We started with the most urgent things. Restoring basic social security system for servicemen, eliminated the shameful delay in payment of allowances. Year by year, increased the share of expenditure on the development of Army and Navy, and there were times when even the most urgent needs was not enough money.
arms
I am sure no “spot” purchase of military equipment can not replace the production of our own weapons, and can only serve as a basis for technology and knowledge
I remember in 2002 when the Chief of General Staff, of course, not a good life, proposed to eliminate the space-based strategic submarines on Kamchatka. Thus, we would lose and the presence of our naval nuclear forces in the Pacific. I have not made that decision. Due to the lack of necessary funds in the budget had to ask for help when private companies. I want to remember their good word. And “Surgutneftegas”, and TNC do not hesitate to provide the necessary resources to start database recovery. Then joined and money budget. And now we have a modern base in Vilyuchinsk, which will soon come to alert a new generation of submarines of the type “Northwind”.
In all formed part of the strategic directions of constant readiness, complete with contractors. Created self-contained group. It is this group in August 2008, conducted an operation to force Georgia to peace, defended the peoples of South Ossetia and Abkhazia.
But the experience of all previous years, argued that the development potential of the former military structure inherited from the Soviet Union, completely exhausted.And that, essentially, is a structure of this? Thousands of storage bases, arsenals, depots, headquarters and numerous “cadre” part. In short, all that was necessary to deploy “mobilization,” many millions of the last century.
Saturate the old structure of men and equipment was pointless: this would not be enough any resources – either financial or human. The main thing – she did not answer, not only promising but also to modern requirements. Nothing is changing, gradual and limited half-hearted reforms, we would sooner or later, finally losing its military capabilities, to lose our Armed Forces as a functioning organism.
The yield was only one – to build a new army. Army of the modern type – a mobile that is in a constant state of combat readiness. This is a very difficult process that involves tens of thousands of people. This is related to the inevitable mistakes, grievances, claims. Aggravated public reaction, including the very military. Reform is not one person or ten. I have a complex institution, inside of which have accumulated a lot of flaws. Failures, “the excesses of artists,” Weak information work and the lack of channels of “feedback”, the formal execution of the directives – all this is real “trouble spots”-reaching reform. Our goal – to see these “trouble spots” and adjust these or other solutions. Maintaining the overall logic of the systemic transformation of the Armed Forces.
What has been done
Parts abridged composition in our Army anymore. In the Army deployed more than 100 combined and special teams. This is a full-fledged military compounds, staffed, and equipment. The ratio of lift on alert – one hour. The transfer of a potential theater of military operations – per day.
First to prepare for a combat mission compounds needed up to five days. A deployment and equipment of all the Armed Forces “in wartime” had to take almost a year. And this at a time when most of the time of armed conflict today lasts from several hours to several days.
Why as a major tactical unit was selected the team? First of all, given our own experience and other Afghan campaign, when, instead of regiments and divisions proved to be effective, and mobile combat assault team, reinforced by aircraft, other means of support.
 |
| The strategic center “Yars” with “Topol-M” will come in 10 regiments of SRF. |
A more compact in size than the division – the new team at the same time has more punch. Significantly increased by the fire damage and to ensure – artillery, air defense, intelligence, communications, etc.And the team is able to operate both independently and as part of other compounds. I admit that not all the required quality has been brought to perfection. Soon to be fully reach the required standards.
The Russian army gets rid of all non-core and auxiliary functions – economic, domestic and others. Separation from military training to a minimum. Given the time to call in 12 months – this is generally the only way to make a rookie trained fighter. Soldiers and officers should carry out their direct task – combat training and intensive study. What, in particular, have a positive impact on the discipline and order among the troops. And actually enhance the dignity of military service.
There is a serious reform of military education. Formed by 10 major scientific and educational centers. All these institutions are built into a rigid hierarchy and subject to military service gives officers the opportunity to continuously improve their professional level. Here, we rely both on its own traditions and practices in the world.
No significant development of military research there can be no effective military or military-technical doctrine, can not work effectively structure of the General Staff. We need to recover lost jurisdiction of the military institutions, to integrate them with developing a system of military education – as well as in the civilian sector of the economy. The military science must have a decisive influence on the defense problems. A qualified procurement patterns, a division of the Ministry of Defense in charge of the military order – to ensure the effective development of technical specifications for the development, production, planning, characteristics of weapons and military equipment.
Without a doubt, the normal development of military research is not possible without a partnership with civil science, without the potential of our leading universities and SSC. The scientists should have sufficient information on the status and prospects of the Army and weapons systems to be able to target their prospective study, bearing in mind, including the possibility of their use of the defense.
Note also that the authorities in the Armed Forces of the cut in half. Formed by four of the integrated military districts: Western, Southern, Central and Eastern. They passed under the control of air forces, air defense and navy. In fact, we are talking about the operational and strategic command. On December 1, 2011 on combat duty in Russia has taken a new branch of service – Army air and space defense.
In the Air Force established seven large air bases with a strong infrastructure. Upgraded airfield network. Over the past four years – the first time in 20 years – repaired 28 airfields. This year, the planned work for another 12 military airfields.
We built up the possibility of a serious warning of missile attack. Already commissioned tracking station in the Leningrad and Kaliningrad regions, in Armavir, started testing a similar facility in Irkutsk. All teams of aerospace defense complex equipped with modern means of automation “Universal-1C.” Deployed full time space grouping system “GLONASS”.
Provided reliable stability and sufficiency of land, sea and air strategic nuclear forces of Russia. The share of modern ground-based missile systems over the past four years has increased from 13 to 25 percent. There will be continued for another 10 re-missile regiments strategic complexes “Topol-M” and “Yars.” In the long-range aircraft is fully maintained fleet of strategic bombers Tu-160 Blackjack and Tu-95MS, go work for their modernization. For our “strategists” on the adoption of a new armed cruise missile air-launched long-range. Since 2007, on an ongoing basis resumed flights of strategic aviation in the areas of combat patrols. It starts with the development of promising aviation complex for long-range aviation.
Intrudes on duty strategic missile submarine of the new project “Northwind”. Boats of this class – “Yuri Dolgoruky” and “Alexander Nevsky” – are undergoing state tests.
 |
| Strategic missile submarine of Project 955 “Yuri Dolgoruky” already runs the state tests. |
Our Navy resumed its presence in strategic areas of the oceans, including in the Mediterranean. Such a demonstration “of the Russian flag” will now be permanent.
The tasks of the coming decade
We have begun a large-scale, complex re-Army and Navy, and other law enforcement agencies to ensure the safety of the state. Priorities here – it’s nuclear forces, defense aerospace, communications, intelligence and control, electronic warfare, “drones” and robotic percussion systems, modern transport aircraft, the system self-defense fighter on the battlefield, precision weapons and the means to combat it.
The system of controls and training of troops should be more qualitative, intensive and comprehensive. Major efforts will be concentrated on the “cobbling together” effective cross-species troops and forces.Improving preparedness of military units to perform combat missions.
Our experts will determine the prospective development of ideology and arms, clearly identify their goals and objectives of the relevant conceptual documents. But it is already clear that the structure of the Armed Forces will continue the role and importance of nuclear deterrence. Anyway, as long as we do not there will be other types of weapons, attack complexes of new generation. Including – high-precision weapons, which, as already mentioned above, can solve problems that are comparable to those that are now before the forces of nuclear deterrence. In addition, in the coming years will increase significantly the value of the Navy, Air Force and aerospace defense.
 |
| Air Force will receive more than 600 modern aircraft, including a fifth-generation fighter. |
Time demands decisive steps to strengthen the unified system of air and space defense. These actions have pushed the U.S. policy and NATO on missile defense.
Safeguard against violations of the global balance of power may be either creating your own is very expensive and yet ineffective missile defense system, or, more productively, ability to overcome any missile defense system and to protect Russia’s retaliatory potential. It is precisely this purpose and will serve as strategic nuclear forces and the structure of the aerospace defense. In this matter can not be “too much patriotism.” Military-Technical Russia’s response to the global U.S. missile defense system and its segment in Europe will be effective and asymmetric. And it will fully comply with the steps the United States in the field of missile defense.
Our goal – a revival in the full sense of “ocean” of the Navy, primarily in the North and the Far East. Activity, which began leading military powers of the world around the Arctic, Russia confronts the challenge of our interests in the region.
Defense
As long as the “powder” of strategic nuclear forces, created a huge labor of our fathers and grandfathers, is “dry”, no one would dare unleash a large-scale aggression against us
In the next decade will go to the troops more than 400 modern intercontinental ballistic missiles, land-and sea-based missile eight strategic submarine cruisers, some 20 attack submarines, 50 surface warships and about 100 military satellites, more than 600 modern aircraft, including fighter jets fifth generation, over thousands of helicopters, 28 sets of regimental air defense missile systems S-400, 38 sets of divisional air defense systems “Hero”, 10 brigade sets of missile complex “Iskander-M”, over 2 thousand 300 modern tanks, about 2 thousand mobile artillery systems and tools, as well as more than 17,000 pieces of military vehicles.
 |
| In the next decade, an army regiment will receive 28 sets of anti-aircraft missile systems S-400. |
We have a modern military equipment has been translated more than 250 units and formations, including – 30 aircraft squadrons. And by 2020 the proportion of new weapons in the armed forces must be at least 70 percent. As for the systems remaining in service, they will be subjected to thorough modernization.
Thus, the problem of the coming decade is that the new structure of the Armed Forces was able to rely on a fundamentally new technique. In the technique, which “sees” further, more accurate shooting, reacts faster than similar systems of any potential adversary.
The social face of the Army
Modern Army – is primarily a literate, trained people who can apply the most advanced weapons systems. Professionals with deep knowledge and high level of general education and culture. Today the individual requirements of each officer and soldier – to increase substantially.
In turn, the military must have a complete package of social security, adequate to their huge responsibility. This health care services, the system of sanatorium treatment, insurance, pension and decent employment opportunities after retirement. And, of course, the allowance at a level even higher than the wages that are qualified professionals and managers in the leading sectors of the economy.
In 2007 it was decided to reform and a significant increase in allowance and war pensions. In the first stage – in 2009 – was launched large-scale experiment to enhance the military service pay of those on whose shoulders a special responsibility for ensuring the country’s defense.
And now – with the January 1, 2012 – we took the next step: the money allowances of servicemen grew almost three times. Armed Forces – as an employer – are more than competitive. This is a qualitative change in the situation. Creates an additional motivation for military service.
I should add that to January 1, 2012 increased allowance in the Interior Ministry. And from January 1, 2013 – wages will rise significantly in all the other “power”, law enforcement agencies and intelligence services.
Pensions of retired military personnel, regardless of their affiliation, raised from January 1 this year – just 1.6 times. In the future – “war pension” will go up every year, not less than two percentage points above inflation.
There will also be introduced by a special education certificate that will allow soldier after leaving education or retraining in any educational institution of the country.
Separately with the housing problem. For years, she almost did not dare to do. In the 90s, at best, from all sources, granted the 6-8 thousand apartments or housing certificates a year. People are often dismissed even without flats – just put in a municipal place, which did not move.
Let’s remember where we started. Since 2000, significantly increased the amount of housing – have reached the level to an average of 25,000 flats a year. But obviously needed a crucial turning point, the concentration of financial and organizational resources of the state.
The first step in this direction was the Presidential program “15 15”, implemented in 2006-2007, when additional troops were immediately given another order of 20,000 apartments in areas where the housing problem was most acute.
And for 2008-2011, only the Defense Ministry servicemen have been purchased and have already built the order of 140 000 apartments for permanent residence, and 46 000 – service apartments. Never before was not like this. We have allocated funds, even in times of crisis. But, despite the fact that the program was more ambitious than previously planned, the problem is not solved yet.
It is necessary to speak frankly about the causes. First, the accounting officers in need of housing, the Ministry of Defence was made very poorly. And, secondly, the timing, the pace of organizational and staff measures were not clearly aligned with the capabilities to provide flats. We must correct this situation.
In 2012-2013 to fully provide permanent housing for military personnel. In addition, 2014 will complete the formation of the modern service housing fund. Thus, the “eternal” military housing problem will be solved.
Also before the end of 2012 to ensure full flats of the soldiers, who in the 90’s were dismissed without shelter and are in the municipal lines. To date, these people – more than 20,000.
Military personnel, contracted after 2007, will be provided with housing in a planned manner, in the accumulation and mortgage system. The number of participants exceeded 180 thousand people have already bought more than 20,000 apartments.
Another important issue – the fate of military bases and thousands of people who live in them. And this – former soldiers and their families, retirees, civilian experts, in short, those who gave the Army and the country more than a dozen years of his life.
It is unacceptable when these villages with all their problems just “dumped” from the balance of the Defense Ministry on the shoulders of the regions and municipalities. It is necessary to conduct the most thorough inventory of real property of the Armed Forces to be transferred to civilian authorities. In other words, homes, kindergartens, housing facilities – all this economy the Ministry of Defense must be transferred to municipalities in the state of repair, fit for use and, I stress, together with the financial resources for routine maintenance.
Major changes are coming in the system of manning the Armed Forces. Now the Army contract is 220,000 officers and 186,000 soldiers and sergeants. It is planned that within the next 5 years will be recruited every year to have 50,000 contractors who will be appointed to the post of sergeants, petty officers, as well as professionals working with military equipment.
 |
| During a visit to military units, Vladimir Putin always trying to learn firsthand how to live the soldiers and officers. |
The selection is very rigorous, multi-layered. Marshal GK Zhukov said: “I command the Army and the NCO.” NCOs – the backbone of the Army, this – order, discipline, normal combat training. At these positions require a decent people who have appropriate moral, physical characteristics, educational level. Not only junior officers, but all the soldiers, contractors will be trained in special training centers and schools of sergeant.
It is planned that by 2017 – with a total authorized strength of the Armed Forces of one million people – 700 000 will be “professionals”: the officers, cadets of military schools, sergeants and soldiers-contractors. And in 2020 – the number of employees at the call to drop to 145,000.
The logic of change clearly indicates that our goal – to build a fully professional army. However, and this must be clearly understood: a professional army – it is “expensive” army. Saving a mixed system of manning for the foreseeable future – is a compromise between the tasks and the current capabilities of the country.
But the call of service quality should also change. This is a mandatory requirement for military reform.
To maintain discipline in military units created by the Military Police. And, of course, in the education of soldiers to protect their rights and interests in ensuring a healthy moral climate in parts of the community should actively participate, veterans, religious and human rights organizations.
I think that it is necessary to a proper level to put the development of the institution of military clergy. In coming years, in each military contingent should appear chaplains.
And yet – we understand that the current system call contains a large element of social inequality. At the call goes mainly to serve children from poor, rural or working-class families, those who are not enrolled in college and could not take delayed. We need measures that would have significantly increased the prestige of military service. In fact, it would turn out “trespass” in the “privilege”.
In particular we should talk about more rights for admission to top universities for those who served. On granting them the opportunity by the state to receive additional training to pass the professional examinations. For end-of-college graduates – the budgetary grants for training in the best domestic and foreign business schools. And also – about preferences for admission to the civil service. The inclusion of management reserves. The army must regain the traditional role of the most important social elevators.
In the future you should think about this concept, as a service to the “trained reserve.”
These reservists – as is customary in many other countries – should be held regularly, not occasionally, as now, training, duties, be ready to join the ranks of combat units.
Today we have – there is no coherent concept of a national reserve of the Armed Forces. His creation – and open discussion of this concept – our immediate task.
I would like to say about the Cossacks. Today this estate include a millions of our fellow citizens. Historically, the Cossacks were in the service of the Russian state, defending its borders, participated in military campaigns of the Russian Army. After the 1917 revolution the Cossacks were subjected to the cruelest repression, in fact – genocide. However, the Cossacks survived, preserving their culture and traditions. The task of the state – in every way to help the Cossacks, to involve them in military service and military-patriotic education of youth.
What I consider important to stress that of course, the Army should become a professional basis and should be contractors. However, the notion of honorable military service for men, we can not cancel, and they must be prepared to defend the country in time of danger.
It should be a whole new level to organize the work on military-patriotic education of students, development of military-applied kinds of sports and physical culture in general. Emergency service lasts for one year, and the soldiers should concentrate entirely on the combat training. It means – it should come into the Army physically fit, tempered, and even better – owning the basic skills of working with transport equipment, computers and information technology. I would like to note in this regard the importance of the state, which carries Russian DOSAAF.
Federal, regional, municipal authorities should provide full support to the organization in implementing its mandated tasks. It is necessary to combine the efforts of state and public structures. In this regard – support the idea of a voluntary movement of the Popular Front in support of the Army, Navy and defense industry.
Our objectives in the field of defense and national security can not be achieved without high moral motivation as the soldiers and workers at the military-industrial complex. Without respect for the Armed Forces and for military service in Russian society.
On the new requirements to the Russian military-industrial complex
Military-industrial complex – it is our pride, are concentrated the most powerful intellectual and technological potential. But we should just talk about the backlog of problems. In fact, national defense centers and businesses over the past 30 years have missed a few cycles of modernization.
Over the next decade, we must fully make up for this lag. To regain technological leadership across the spectrum of the major military technology. I would like to stress once again – to re-bid Army, we’ll do it for the Russian defense industry and our scientific base.
 |
| The rate of re-Army will be on the Russian defense industry. |
We have to solve several related problems. This fold increase in the supply current and next-generation technology. It is the formation of advanced scientific and technological reserve, development and exploitation of critical technologies for the development of competitive products for military use. And, finally, is the creation of a new technology-based industries for the production of advanced weapons and military equipment. Construction, reconstruction and technical re-equipment of scientific and experimental base and bench.
Today, Russia is firmly embedded in the global economy and open to dialogue with all partners, including on defense issues and military-technical cooperation.
But the study of experiences and trends in foreign countries does not mean that Russia will go on borrowed models and abandon self-reliance. In contrast, for the sustainable socio-economic development and national security we need, taking over all the best to build and maintain military-technological and scientific independence of Russia.
In this context – of such a “sensitive subject” as the purchase of military equipment abroad. As world practice shows, all the key suppliers of the global arms market, the most technologically advanced and industrialized countries are also terms and purchasers of individual systems, samples, materials and technologies. This allows you to quickly solve pressing problems in defense and, frankly, to stimulate domestic producers.
In addition, there is a fundamental difference – to buy in order to have their own, or purchase, to abandon her. I am convinced that no “spot” purchases of military equipment and the equipment can not replace the production of our own weapons, and can only serve as a basis for technology and knowledge. By the way, as was the case in history. Let me remind you that the whole “family” of domestic tanks 30s of the twentieth century was made on the basis of American and British cars. Then, using the accumulated experience, our experts have created a T-34 – the best tank of World War II.
To really improve the country’s defense, we need the most advanced, best in the world of technology, but not “mastered” billions and trillions. It is unacceptable that the Army has become a market for obsolete models of arms, technology and research and development, and paid for at public expense.
That’s why we have set strict requirements to our defense enterprises and design, encourage the development of competition, are investing heavily in the modernization of the defense industry and technological backlog in training.
The activities of defense enterprises should focus precisely on the mass production of weapons-quality home with the best performance characteristics corresponding to the current and future defense challenges. In addition, only the latest weapons and military equipment will enable Russia to strengthen and develop positions on global arms markets, where the winner is the one who offers the most advanced design.
the task of
defense has no way to catch up with someone calm, we need to make a breakthrough to become the leading innovators and manufacturers.Updating the defense will be the locomotive that pulls on the development of a variety of industries
Respond to threats and challenges of today only – means to condemn himself to eternal role of laggards. We should make every effort to provide technical, technological, organizational superiority over any potential adversary. Such a stringent requirement should be a key criterion for setting goals to CMO. This will allow businesses to conduct long-term planning, consciously direct resources to the modernization, development of new models and weapons. And research centers and institutes will be encouraged and clear guidelines for the development of basic and applied research in both military and related industries.
We greatly advanced in the reform of the Army – we need to be reviewed and the principles of planning, implementation of the state armaments program. For defense companies can build rhythmic work, we have decided to place the state defense order more than one year, and once in three or five, even seven years. I believe that only this step is not enough.
We must start with the linking of military planning and providing the Army with weapons and military equipment and other resources. At the same time – think about the feasibility of establishing a single agency responsible for placement and monitoring of “defense” contracts. Such a body would be responsible for the implementation of state defense orders for all departments.
Adjustments to the state defense order after its approval by the Government should be minimal. It should be remembered that the purchase price in all cases must be fair and reasonable return, not only for businesses but also to invest in their development and modernization, recruitment and training.
Another problem is that the defense industry enterprises and institutions, not having a common information base, often duplicative research and development. We must move towards the creation of the “through the registry”, common databases, common standards, a transparent pricing mechanism for defense products. It is necessary to develop a deeper integration and cooperation between enterprises, the unification of production capacity.
However, carrying out public procurement, it is necessary to stimulate competition. And wise to encourage competition for the best quality, especially at the level of ideas, the research phase. However, at the stage of creating the finished product, priority should be given to the winning design, to avoid duplication of weapons systems.
In the military-industrial complex is not possible to safely catch someone, we need to make a breakthrough to become the leading innovators and manufacturers.
Achieving global technological leadership in the field of arms production involves the restoration of the full cycle from industrial design to the modeling and the mass production of serial products, ensuring their use in the army and subsequent disposal.
Lack of incentives for the development of carrier breakthrough ideas, loss of links between universities, industry institutes and enterprises of the defense leads to delays in the area of military-industrial research, the destruction of scientific schools and high technology industries. All this can not arise “by itself”, the state can not limit ourselves to exhibiting orders for competitions.
The state should aggressively seek breakthrough development, identify research teams that can implement your own reserve to the required profile, encourage healthy competition at the stage of research and development activities. Including by bringing unconventional ideas that are born in groups of young enthusiasts.
In all countries with a developed defense industry research in the field of defense are always one of the most powerful engines of innovation-based growth. That research and experimental development for the “defense”, receiving a strong and stable public funding can bring to the implementation of many breakthrough technologies that are in the civilian sector simply would not pass the “threshold of profitability.” Then they – have ready-made – being developed and adapted the civil sector.
We need a modern structure, functioning as a sort of broker between the military, industrial, scientific and political circles. Able to identify and support the best in the national innovation field, bypassing the bureaucratic processes of the numerous approvals. Optimal models of such structures is now practiced in the near future will be realized in practice.
One of these days – at a meeting with experts in the field of telecommunications and information technologies in Novosibirsk – mentioned the leading American universities that have made a “name” in defense orders and developments. I think that we need to actively involve civil capacity of universities to implement programs to modernize the defense industry. The big “defense” orders can be another source for the development of our leading universities and research centers. It is sometimes argued that the revival of the military-industrial complex – a yoke on the economy, an excessive burden, which once ravaged the Soviet Union. I am sure – it is deeply misleading.
Priority
is important to ensure that counter-flow of innovation, technology, between “defensive” and “civilian” sectors
The Soviet Union died of natural suppression, market began in the economy, from years of neglect of the interests of the people. From the desperate attempts to get the country working as a “single factory” and the inevitable result – loss of control, even in the defense sector. When it is not only experienced, but even taking into service several competing systems simultaneously. When the unit could not establish the transfer of technology to the civilian sector.
And we must not repeat past mistakes. Huge resources are invested in the upgrade defense, the Army’s modernization must be the motor for modernization of the economy. A major impetus for quality growth, when government spending creates new jobs, support the market demand, “feed” science. In practice we are talking about the same effects as those laid down in the current modernization programs. Only the “defense industry” will provide a much more far-reaching effect than the one before that which we could achieve.
Updating the defense will be the locomotive that pulls on the development of a variety of industries: metallurgy, mechanical engineering, chemical, electronic industry, the entire spectrum of information technology and telecommunications. Give businesses in these industries and resources to upgrade the technological base, and new technological solutions. Ensure the sustainability of many scientific and engineering teams – and thus, their presence in the market development for the civil sector.
In the modern world has developed a balance of mutual influence of the defense and civilian technologies. In some industries (telecommunications, new materials, ICT), it is civilian technology are the driving force behind the rapid development of military technology, in others (aviation and space technology) – on the contrary, military developments provide impetus to the civil sector. This situation requires a new attitude towards the principles of information exchange. Revision of outdated approaches to the protection of secrets. We must strictly guard the limited number of truly important secrets – and, conversely, promote the exchange of most of the scientific and technical information between all those who can effectively use it.
It is important to provide a counter-flow of innovation, technology, between “defensive” and “civilian” sectors. Should receive a reasonable estimate of intellectual property created in the “defense”. Such an assessment should take into account the potential and the prospect of civil commercialization of technology transfer. Need to focus on civilian production at the enterprises of the defense industry, but do not repeat the sad experience of “conversion” to the notorious pans and shovels made of titanium. A good example of this already – running into production first made in the “figure” of the Russian civil aircraft “Sukhoi Superjet.”
Obviously, we need an in-depth audit of the economic activity of defense enterprises. There are many areas of inefficiency – a huge, unnecessary costs, overhead costs, which sometimes number in the thousands per cent. Convoluted and opaque relationships with contractors – when the “parent” company teetering on the brink of bankruptcy, and in affiliated companies and suppliers of profitability calculated by two-and three-digit numbers.
We will aggressively combat corruption in the military industry and the armed forces, steadily following the principle of inevitability of punishment. Corruption in the area of national security – is, in fact, treason.
Excessive secrecy has led to a reduction of competition, inflation in prices for military goods, obtaining super profits going to the modernization of production is not, and in some pockets of businessmen and officials. Whenever it does not contradict the national interests in the conservation of state secrets, it is necessary to abandon the practice of private trading. Procurement in the defense sector should be under close public scrutiny, and penalties for violations of the state defense order should be tightened.
We will build a single algorithm vertically integrated structures, led by lobbyists should not be this or that enterprise. At the same time need to break departmental stereotypes. Actively involved in the production of military equipment and defense capabilities of our civilian development companies and private companies.
The development of DIC only by the state is inefficient right now, but in the medium term – economically impossible. It is important to promote public-private partnership in the defense industry, including simplifying procedures for new defense industries. Private companies are willing to invest and the means and experience, and available technology in defense companies. And we believe that we will once again their “Demidov” and “Putilovs.”
All major manufacturers of weapons and military equipment the U.S. and Europe – private. A fresh look at the industry from outside the business approaches to breathe new life production, enhance the competitiveness of Russian weapons in international markets. Of course, the private defense companies must act in a special regime, including the requirements of privacy. But it should not become an obstacle to the creation of such companies, their development and access to participation in the state defense order. That the new private companies can be a source of technological breakthroughs that could dramatically change the industry.
The problem is that our private investor does not know what its capabilities will be needed and where the defense can make its own power and capital. In this regard, you need to create an open source of information available on the CMO needs to attract private business investment.
The agenda is also worth upgrading of enterprises, we have inherited from the Soviet Union. It is necessary to optimize the entire production process, which allows use of advanced technology. Bring to a highly qualified managers, engineers, production organizers of the private sector. Strengthen control over the quality of products at the enterprises of defense industry and to establish accountability for the funds used in the state defense order.
In addition, it is necessary to conduct an audit of the mobilization needs of the country. The current system is largely archaic. Today does not require power, capable of only “clone” the old weapons and ammunition. The basis of the military-industrial complex and the “mobilization reserve” should be modern technological production, ready to produce competitive quality products. They can be created on the basis of existing factories and companies in need of reform, and with “zero”.
And, of course, it is necessary to raise the prestige of occupations, work-related “defense.” Therefore reasonable to give the professionals involved in the defense industry, additional social guarantees, and even privileges. In addition, the average wage in the public sector enterprises defense, engineering and research centers should be commensurate with the money allowances in the Army.
Particular attention should be paid to education and training of new personnel in the workplace. Many businesses today are faced with the fact that the technicians and skilled workers in the most acute shortages, and this prevents the timely execution of government orders, not to mention the building of capacities.
A key role in solving this problem should take special schools (including those of applied baccalaureate programs) and technical colleges and technical schools for general care, where graduates often go to work in the “defense industry”. I think that it is possible to implement a scheme of employment on the basis of tripartite contracts between university, industry and student concern. Work at the plant should begin as early as the period of training – in the specialized field trips and internships. For students, in addition to experience, and it will give a decent income, and seriously motivated to learn the necessary skills. Naturally, this part should be an integral part of the curriculum.
The prestige of technical professions is gradually increasing. Defense companies are called to be a magnet for talented young people, providing – as it was in Soviet times – Enhanced implementation of creative ambition in the development, science and technology.
I think that we should think about the direction of the target young workers and the defense of technical university students to practice in leading Russian and international laboratories, institutes and factories. Office of modern technological equipment requires highly qualified, serious knowledge and skills, lifelong learning. Therefore, it is necessary to support and training programs directly in production.
***
Building a defense policy, to modernize the armed forces, we must focus on the latest trends in the art of war. Keep pace with these developments – thus advance to put yourself in a vulnerable position.Jeopardize the country, the lives of our soldiers and officers. We must never allow a repetition of the tragedy in 1941 when the state and the Army’s unpreparedness for war was paid for the enormous loss of life.
The unprecedented scale of the program of modernization of arms and defense industry confirms the seriousness of our intentions. We understand that Russia will have to draw on the implementation of these plans are very large financial resources.
The problem is that, without exhausting, and multiplying the economic forces of the country, to create such an army, a defense industry that can provide Russia’s sovereignty, respect for partners and lasting peace.
Photo: ITAR-TASS , RIA Novosti and Constantine Zavrazhin .
Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin warned Russians that his enemies may kill a prominent opposition figure in order to fuel public outrage against the government.
The leader of the Tajik opposition movement “Vatandor” Dodojon Atovulloyev
Hoji Akbar Turajonzoda
Nuriddin Turajonzoda
“I concluded that it wasn’t about human rights. Rather, it seemed that the people behind this hearing were pandering to diaspora politics just to tick off the Pakistanis at a time when the United States is trying to repair its tattered relationship with Pakistan,” witness Dr. C. Christine Fair said. – Photo by Malik Siraj Akbar/Dawn.com
ThereAreNoSunglasses 
